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1. The impeller is the core part of the centrifugal pump. Its rotational speed is high and the blades on the impeller play a major role. The impeller passes the static balance experiment before assembly. The inner and outer surfaces on the impeller are required to be smooth to reduce frictional losses in the oil flow.
2. The pump body is also called the pump housing and it is the main body of the oil pump. It plays a supporting and fixing role, and is connected with the bracket that mounts the bearing.
3, the role of the pump shaft is to connect the shaft and the motor, the motor torque transmission to the impeller, so it is the main component of the transmission of mechanical energy.
4. The bearing is a member that is sleeved on the pump shaft to support the pump shaft. There are two kinds of rolling bearings and sliding bearings. Rolling shaft self-priming pump bearing butter oil as a lubricant to be appropriate to the general volume of 2/3 ~ 3/4 too much will heat, too little and there is noise and heat! Sliding bearings use transparent oil as the lubricant and add to the oil level line. Too much oil must seep and float along the pump shaft. Too few bearings must be overheated and burned to cause an accident! During the operation of the oil pump, the temperature of the bearing is usually up to 85 degrees at a maximum of about 60 degrees. If it is high, it is necessary to find out the reason (if there are impurities, whether the oil is black, whether it is oiled) and deal with it in time!
5, the sealing ring, also known as leakage reduction ring. The gap between the impeller inlet and the pump casing is too large. As a result, the oil in the high-pressure area of ​​the pump flows to the low-pressure area through this gap, affecting the pump output, and the efficiency is reduced! If the gap is too small, friction between the impeller screw pump and the pump casing will be caused. In order to increase the return resistance to reduce the internal leakage and delay the service life of the impeller and the pump casing, a seal ring is installed at the inner edge of the pump casing and the impeller foreign aid joint, and the seal gap is preferably maintained between 0.25 and 1.10 mm.
6, the stuffing box is mainly composed of packing, oil seal ring, packing tube, packing gland, oil seal tube. The function of the stuffing box is mainly to close the gap between the pump casing and the pump shaft, so that the oil flow in the pump does not flow out and the outside air does not enter the pump. Always maintain the vacuum in the oil pump! When the friction between the pump shaft and the packing generates heat, it depends on the oil seal tube holding the oil to the oil seal ring to make the packing cool! Maintain the normal operation of the oil pump. Therefore, the inspection of the stuffing box by the submersible pump during the inspection tour of the oil pump is of particular importance! The packing should be replaced after about 600 hours of operation.
Oil pump performance parameters such as flow Q head H-axis power N speed n efficiency η there is a certain relationship between. The relationship between their magnitude changes is represented by a curve, which is called the oil pump performance curve.
Oil pump performance parameters between the mutual changes and mutual constraints: First of all, the top of the oil pump speed as a prerequisite.
The performance curve of the oil pump mainly has three curves: flow-head curve, flow-power curve, flow-efficiency curve.
A, flow - head characteristics of the drum pump engineering plastic self-priming chemical pump magnetic pump magnetic vortex pump pipeline magnetic pump It is the basic performance curve of the centrifugal pump. Centrifugal pumps with a specific speed less than 80 have the characteristics of ascending and descending (both convex at the middle and bending at both sides) and the hump performance curve. Centrifugal pumps with specific rotational speeds between 80 and 150 have a flat performance curve. Centrifugal pumps with more than 150 revolutions have steep drop performance curves. In general, when the flow is small, the head is high, and as the flow increases, the head gradually decreases.
B. Flow-power curve The shaft power increases with the flow rate. When the flow rate Q = 0, the corresponding shaft power is not equal to zero but to a certain value (about 60% of normal operation). This power centrifugal pump is mainly consumed by mechanical losses. At this time, the oil pump is full of oil. If it is operated for a long time, it will cause the temperature in the pump to rise continuously. The pump casing and the bearing will generate heat. In severe cases, the pump body may be thermally deformed. We call this the "boring oil head." When the lift is maximum, the flow will gradually increase and the shaft power will slowly increase when the outlet valve opens gradually.
C. Centrifugal pump flow-efficiency curve Its curve is like the shape of a mountain. When the flow is zero, the efficiency is also equal to zero. As the flow rate increases, the efficiency also gradually increases, but the efficiency decreases after increasing to a certain value. Efficiency There is a maximum value, and the efficiency is higher near the highest efficiency point. This area is called a high efficiency area.
Centrifugal pump components and important performance curves
Centrifugal pump components and important performance curves The following describes in detail the six components of the centrifugal pump: