The automotive electronics industry is an emerging industry that has applied electronic information technology to automobiles. Broadly speaking, automotive electronics from basic components, electronic components, automotive electronics, electromechanical integrated electronic control systems (ECU), vehicle distributed electronic control systems, automotive electronics related to automotive electronics, etc. software and hardware. From the system, it includes the parts system, the interior of the car, and the inter-vehicle network. I. Overview In the past two or three decades, with the rapid development of electronic information technology and the continuous change of the automobile manufacturing industry, the application and innovation of automotive electronic technology have greatly promoted the progress and development of the automobile industry, and improved the power and economy of automobiles. Safety, improving vehicle driving stability, comfort, reducing vehicle emissions and fuel consumption play a very important role, but also enables the car to have rich functions such as entertainment, office and communication. Modern automotive electronics integrates electronic technology, automotive technology, information technology, computer technology and network technology, including basic technology layer, electronic control system layer and human-car environment interaction layer. It has undergone discrete electronic component control and component independence. There are three development stages of control and intelligent, networked integrated control applications. At present, automotive electronic products can be divided into two categories: electronic control systems and in-vehicle electronic devices. The performance of electronic control systems directly determines the performance of the entire vehicle. With the development of automotive electronics technology, more and more ECU control units are used in automobiles. As a vehicle control network platform, all ECU control units and vehicle-mounted electrical appliances will be gradually put on the automotive network platform. Achieve data information sharing and realize intelligent control of the whole vehicle. Under the trend of the development of integrated control, the vehicle network bus system is a vehicle-wide vehicle control network and communication platform, which is crucial for vehicle communication, intelligent control and improvement of vehicle performance, safety and handling. . Second, the development of automotive electronics technology (1) Industry status Market situation The development of the world's automotive electronics industry is closely related to the development of the automotive industry. The United States, Europe, and Japan are the world's traditional major automotive markets, and are also the technology leaders in the automotive electronics industry, mastering the core technologies and market development of the international automotive electronics industry. Advantage. At present, the main markets of global automotive electronics products are still concentrated in Europe, North America, Japan and other regions. However, with the gradual transfer of automobile manufacturing industry to emerging countries and regions, emerging markets such as China, India, South America and other developing countries are rapidly emerging. development of. The current cost of automotive electronics in new energy vehicles has reached 47%. As the output of new energy vehicles increases, the output value of automotive electronic bicycles will continue to increase. Among the cars of different grades and technologies, the proportion of automotive electronics in the cost of complete vehicles is as follows: (II) Industry characteristics 1. Pay attention to safety, environmental protection and energy saving The application of automotive electronics is the main technical means to solve safety, environmental protection and energy conservation. For example, in terms of energy conservation, the world's major automobile producing countries have begun to research and apply electronic module-controlled hybrid cars, hydrogen fuel cell hybrid cars and pure electric cars. . 2, sensor performance continues to increase, the number is increasing Due to the diversification of automotive electronic control systems, the number and types of sensors required for them are constantly increasing, and new, high-precision, high-reliability, low-cost and intelligent sensors are constantly being developed. In performance, it has strong resistance to external electromagnetic interference, ensuring that the quality of the sensor signal is not affected, and can maintain high precision under particularly severe conditions of use; in structure, it has the advantages of compact structure and convenient installation. So as to be immune to mechanical properties. 3, the car microprocessor is constantly upgraded As the proportion of automotive electronics in the vehicle continues to increase, the application of MCU (micro control unit) in the automotive field will exceed the number used in the home appliance and communication fields, becoming the world's largest MCU application field. 4, the application of data bus technology is increasingly popular The rapid exchange of high amounts of data, high reliability and low cost are requirements for automotive electronic network systems. The internal network of the car mainly relies on the bus transmission technology. Its advantages are: reducing the number of wire harnesses and the volume of the wire harness, which can improve the reliability and maintainability of the electronic system; using universal sensors to achieve data sharing; implementing the system through system software Functional changes to improve system flexibility and more. 5. Smart car and intelligent transportation system (ITS) began to apply Based on satellite communication, mobile communication, and computer technology, the development and application of in-vehicle electronic products will realize the "3C" integration of computer, communication and consumer electronic products. Such as: vehicle positioning, autonomous navigation, wireless communication, voice recognition, travel information notification, electronic anti-collision products, road communication and multimedia vehicle terminals. 6. New technologies are constantly being applied in automotive electronics The application of optical fiber in automotive signal transmission, the application of new control theory and methods, and Bluetooth technology are all trends in the development of automotive electronics. International auto giants are equipping more electronic information technology equipment into the entire vehicle, and electronic information technology equipment suppliers are also positioning the next economic growth point in the automotive electronics industry. Motorola believes that 70% of the innovation in automotive technology has come from automotive electronics. Auto electronics manufacturers maintain a rapid growth momentum, and multinational companies operating electronic products have also entered the automotive electronics industry, making automotive electronics a relatively independent emerging industry. (3) Industry segmentation From the point of view of use, automotive electronics can be divided into four categories: power control systems, safety control systems, communication entertainment systems and body electronics systems. The automotive industry is gradually infiltrating with applications such as information technology and consumer electronics, and the traditional automotive industry may face impacts from new industries such as the mobile Internet and consumer electronics industries. 1. Power control system It mainly refers to sensors and control systems based on power systems such as automobile engines and transmissions. It is usually used for engine combustion control, automobile exhaust gas circulation treatment (such as exhaust gas recirculation EGR), and automatic transmission control (automatic/hand-integrated). 2. Safety control system It is divided into active safety system and passive safety system. The active safety control system is a control system with the main goal of improving the active safety performance of the car. The passive safety control system is a control system that greatly reduces the collision strength of the vehicle in the event of an accident. Active safety systems include car safety driving assistance system, anti-lock braking system ABS, brake assist system BAS, drive anti-skid device ASR, electronic brake assist system EBA, electronic stability program ESP, vehicle deviation warning system, collision avoidance system, Tire pressure monitoring system TPMS, automatic driving road system, etc. Passive safety systems include airbags, early warning seat belts, and more. 3. Communication and entertainment system In-vehicle information system (automotive electronic equipment that provides safety, environmental protection and comfort functions and services using computers, satellite positioning, communication, control, etc.), car audio, car TV, car navigation (GPS), etc. 4, body electronics system Steering control, instrument panel, air conditioning control system, car anti-theft system, central locking, etc. Communication entertainment systems and in-vehicle electronic systems are beginning to grow. According to data from the Deloitte report, it is expected that the 2012-2016E communication entertainment system will grow at a compound annual growth rate of 10.8%, which is the fastest compound annual growth rate for each segment, and the compound annual growth rate of the safety control system will be 10.2%. second. 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