What are the challenges of Shanghai Development Industry 4.0?

Since the introduction of China Manufacturing 2025, various regions in China have been planning to develop transformation paths and models that adapt to the development of local industries.

Actively participating in the construction of the “Belt and Road” will bring a series of opportunities for Shanghai's development: it will help deepen Shanghai's international trade cooperation, help expand Shanghai's financial opening, promote the internationalization of Shanghai enterprises, and help accelerate the Shanghai industry to international and domestic. The organic interaction between the transfer and the local industrial structure upgrading and industrial transformation will help Shanghai to further improve the shipping infrastructure and service system and achieve seamless integration with the “One Belt, One Road” countries and regions. On the one hand, these opportunities have improved the macro environment of Shanghai's economic development. On the other hand, they will also transform Shanghai's industrial development into a new driving force for Shanghai's future growth.

On October 10, 2014, China and Germany issued the "Sino-German Cooperation Action Plan: Building Innovation", announcing that the two countries will carry out "Industry 4.0" cooperation. The signing of the "Industry 4.0" strategic cooperation framework shows that the high-level support from China and Germany for the upgrading of the manufacturing industry 4.0 will undoubtedly provide a good prospect for international cooperation for Shanghai Development Industry 4.0. At present, Shanghai has formed the best domestic partnership with Germany. For example, in October 2014, Tongji University and Germany cooperated to establish China's first “Industry 4.0-Smart Factory Laboratory”.

Shanghai Development Industry 4.0 challenges

The communication and cooperation between the existing research and development institutions of CNC technology, production companies, service companies and users of traditional equipment needs to be further strengthened and integrated. The driven and exemplary industries lack basic process data, technical standards and information exchange. platform.

1. Domestic cooperation still needs to deepen consensus

Since the introduction of China Manufacturing 2025, various regions in China have been planning to develop transformation paths and models that adapt to the development of local industries. For example, Guangdong proposed to use Industry 4.0 as the innovation to drive the digital, intelligent and networked development of the manufacturing industry, promote the transformation from “manufacturing Guangdong” to “creating Guangdong” and strengthen the status of Guangdong's world manufacturing base. Some domestic researches have also proposed to use “Industry 4.0” to build a “factory laboratory” for manufacturing in Jiangsu, promote the integration of the two industries, and promote the upgrading of Jiangsu industry to “smart manufacturing”. At the same time trying to divide a piece of cake in the field of Industry 4.0 (or smart manufacturing) in various regions, it is inevitable that the wind of invisible local protection will be blown up, and each will fight to seize the opportunity. However, if we can form a cooperative consensus in various regions, and at the same time give full play to the advantages of the various regions and learn from each other's strengths, the key areas of China Manufacturing 2025 and key technological breakthroughs are expected to be realized earlier. Therefore, Shanghai should make a difference in the domestic regional cooperation of Industry 4.0. For example, the joint brother provinces set up the Industry 4.0 regional collective research project to play a leading role.

2. International technical barriers remain strong

At present, the core technology is a foreign monopoly, which is a common problem encountered in the process of developing industry 4.0 in various regions of China. On the one hand, the core technology of intelligent equipment is difficult to master, and the dependence on foreign countries is very high. Most of the key functional components such as new sensors, precision transmission devices, and liquid-air-tight components are mostly imported or imported, and intelligent instrumentation, servo control mechanisms and other major technical equipment are used. Instrumentation and important industrial control systems rely heavily on imports, which inevitably increases the production costs of enterprises and constrains the formation of the competitiveness of intelligent manufacturing equipment. At the same time, high-precision, high-end large-scale intelligent complete sets of equipment, compared with Germany and Japan and other developed products, there are significant gaps in high-speed, precision, reliability and other technical performance.

In terms of industry standards, the numerical control technology standards of related industries are lacking. The communication and cooperation between the existing research and development institutions of CNC technology, production companies, service companies and users of traditional equipment needs to be further strengthened and integrated. The driven and exemplary industries lack basic process data, technical standards and information exchange. platform.

3. The road to independent innovation is a long way to go.

Shanghai's scientific research resources are top-notch in China, and it has formed a research and innovation pattern of “colleges and universities + research institutes + enterprise research institutes”, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Tongji University, Shanghai Branch of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Electric Power Research Institute, Shanghai Industrial Self-institution, and Central Electric Group. The Institute and the Shanghai Automotive Technology Center are the most representative and powerful sources of scientific research and innovation. In addition, Shanghai also brings together Shanghai Gaoweike Electric Technology Co., Ltd., Da Shifu (Shanghai) Information Technology Co., Ltd., Weitu Electronic Equipment (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai Songsheng Robot System Co., Ltd. and other members of the China Science and Technology Automation Alliance. . The synergy of innovative resources and innovative start-ups in Shanghai will be very beneficial to the formation of the innovation environment and the improvement of innovation efficiency. However, there are still three shortcomings on the road of independent innovation in the development of Shanghai Industry 4.0. First of all, Shanghai's R&D and design integration capabilities are seriously lacking. Such as the independent research and development of emerging equipment and the overall design integration capabilities of major equipment. In the key links of the industrial chain such as R&D, manufacturing, and system integration, Shanghai has not yet formed a landmark enterprise or factory. Second, compared with the existing scale of intelligent manufacturing in Shanghai, Shanghai's software manufacturing capabilities are seriously weak, and there are big gaps in high-end industrial software such as simulation software, R&D design software, system platform software, and control software. Third, the construction of Shanghai's intelligent manufacturing reserve talent team has become quite urgent. Recently, the demand for intelligent manufacturing special talents, compound talents, craftsmen and senior technicians has emerged in the Shanghai talent market, which has put a lot of pressure on the development of professional facilities and higher vocational education in Shanghai.

4. The overseas layout of large-scale enterprises in Shanghai needs further guidance

Central enterprises have become the main force in the development of the “Belt and Road”. By the end of 2014, 107 of the more than 110 central enterprises supervised by the SASAC had established 8,515 branches overseas, distributed in more than 150 countries and regions around the world, and more than 80 of them had been established in the countries along the “Belt and Road”. Branch office. According to the research data of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, since the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan", the total assets of central enterprises have increased from 2.7 trillion yuan to 4.6 trillion yuan, an average annual growth rate of 12.2%; as of the end of 2014, the total assets and operating income of central enterprises And the total profit accounted for 12.7%, 18.3% and 8.6% of the total central enterprises, respectively. It can be seen that Shanghai enterprises led by the mixed public ownership economy should have a large institutional advantage in “going out”. Since March 2014, Shanghai has officially implemented the “Implementation Opinions on Further Accelerating the Cultivation of Shanghai State-owned Multinational Corporations”. According to the work report of the Shanghai Municipal Commission of Commerce, in 2013, the amount of foreign investment through mergers and acquisitions and capital increase accounted for 82.8%, an increase of 6.5%. From the perspective of foreign investment, the overseas investment of most Shanghai enterprises is mainly concentrated in the service sectors such as real estate, business services, wholesale and retail, and information services. The investment amount is 80.5%, an increase of 1%. In contrast, only a few companies such as Shanghai Highly Group have successfully implemented the layout of overseas smart factories, and further guided manufacturing companies to develop overseas smart factories and set up industrial 4.0 overseas R&D centers should become the focus of the next step for Shanghai enterprises to “go global”.

Shanghai Industry 4.0 promotes the implementation of the “One Belt, One Road” strategy

Shanghai needs to set up preferential policies such as import subsidies to encourage key enterprises to introduce the latest international technology and equipment, realize integrated innovation and re-innovation on the basis of digestion and absorption, and gradually narrow the gap with international advanced technology.

(1) Promulgating implementation opinions as soon as possible

Recently, the relevant state departments have authorized the State Council to formulate and publish the top-level design of the “Belt and Road” construction. Shanghai should proceed from the local reality and study and formulate specific and feasible implementation plans. The first is the field of the “One Belt, One Road” strategy implementation route that has a greater impact on Shanghai Industry 4.0. The second is to in-depth study and understand the political situation, economic level, basic conditions, cultural background, social environment and other aspects of countries and regions along the Silk Road, and accurately grasp the work deployment of domestic provinces and cities to participate in the “Belt and Road” construction. And specific actions. The third is to take "problem-oriented" as the guide, while adhering to the "innovation development orientation" and "market orientation", and insisting on independent innovation and international and domestic market development on the basis of grasping the bottleneck problem of Shanghai Industry 4.0 model construction. By proactively “going out” and “bringing in”, we will make full use of the domestic and foreign markets and two advantages to achieve optimal resource allocation. Fourth, adhere to the platform construction as the starting point, attach importance to industrial cooperation, and increase the intensity of technological innovation and institutional innovation, so that Shanghai Industry 4.0 will become a powerful fulcrum for the construction of Shanghai's participation in the “Belt and Road” strategy, and industrial cooperation. Important positions, as well as the forefront of technological innovation and institutional innovation in Shanghai.

(II) Actively build an industrial 4.0 international industrial cooperation platform

It is necessary to give full play to Shanghai's great advantages in the reform and opening-up pilot, and strive to build a Shanghai Industrial 4.0 international industrial cooperation platform. First, relying on the platform of trade and investment facilitation mechanism in the development of Shanghai Free Trade Zone, increase the intensity of foreign investment, encourage foreign parties to use technology to share shares, promote the diversification of Shanghai's smart manufacturing industry, and improve the efficiency of investment. Second, planning and constructing a number of overseas industrial park cooperation platforms, promoting the formation of a cross-border intelligent manufacturing industry chain, achieving a benign interaction between domestic and overseas industries, and also facilitating transnational technical cooperation to effectively resist risks and reduce trade friction. Third, attach great importance to the construction of the marine cooperation platform, strengthen cooperation with the countries along the “Maritime Silk Road”, and promote the joint development of marine resources. Fourth, support smart manufacturing key enterprises and innovative enterprises to set up cooperative R&D centers abroad, and introduce special funds to support them. The fifth is to set up an intelligent manufacturing international industry cooperation information platform, regularly publish the latest information on foreign intelligent manufacturing industry projects, and serve local enterprises in Shanghai and benefit the whole country.

(3) Guiding Shanghai enterprises to “go out”

Enterprises going out often encounter difficulties such as lack of information, lack of funds, lack of technology, lack of talents, lack of security, etc., and need to rely on the government to provide a full range of services to help enterprises solve problems. In January 2014, the Shanghai Commercial Committee, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Economic and Information Commission jointly issued the “Implementation Opinions on Further Accelerating the Cultivation of Shanghai State-owned Multinational Corporations”, starting from three aspects and promoting the “going out” of Shanghai state-owned enterprises. . First, strengthen the government's macro management, regularly publish overseas investment cooperation countries (regions) and industry guidelines, and formulate the "Shanghai City to cultivate the city's state-owned multinational corporations strategic plan." Second, focus on cultivating and cultivating transnational business entities, that is, on the basis of identifying key training targets, improving the level of transnational business management and risk prevention, establishing post-evaluation mechanisms for overseas projects and “going out” dynamic monitoring system, and further improving the “going out” assessment. Way, and so on. The third is to improve the policy and service environment, increase support for transnational business operations, propose simplified procedures for overseas investment cooperation approval, increase special funds to guide and support, strengthen foreign exchange financial support for “going out” projects, and create a comprehensive range. "Going out" service platform, and so on. On the basis of promoting the implementation of this policy, Shanghai should actively guide enterprises to expand overseas investment while also considering the overseas layout of the core departments, such as setting up overseas R&D centers, technology centers, and customer centers, so as to be closer to customers and The market is also conducive to absorbing foreign advanced technology, actively seeking international partners and establishing strategic partnerships. In addition, at the current stage, Shanghai will also take advantage of the development of the local park, and guide the Shanghai enterprises to “go out” and organically combine with the management output of the Shanghai park to improve the success rate of “going out”.

(4) Focus on improving the ability of independent innovation

The development of Shanghai Industry 4.0 should be the link between Shanghai to create a globally influential technology innovation center and Shanghai's participation in the “Belt and Road” initiative. The construction of the global science and technology center not only enriches the important functions of Shanghai's high-end leadership in the “Belt and Road”, but also is an important support for the development of Shanghai Industry 4.0. Therefore, it is necessary to gather the power of Shanghai and steadily promote the construction of the global science and technology center. First, strengthen the combination of “production, study and research”, build a new technology (new product) R&D lifecycle management mechanism, strengthen communication and interaction in all aspects of the R&D chain, and eliminate R&D investment and patents. Existing institutional and institutional barriers such as reporting, intellectual property protection, and innovation incentives. The second is to support the development of innovative small and medium-sized enterprises, use existing incubators, entrepreneurial parks and high-tech parks, increase the propaganda of innovative preferential policies, guide enterprises to gather and cultivate innovative culture. The third is to increase government procurement support and support new products to the market. Fourth, the establishment of import subsidies and other preferential policies to encourage key enterprises to introduce the latest international technology and equipment, on the basis of digestion and absorption to achieve integrated innovation and re-innovation, and gradually narrow the gap with the international advanced technology level.

(5) Strengthening international exchanges

Actively give play to Shanghai's advantages in opening up to the outside world and seek opportunities for development in foreign exchanges. The first is to deepen the connection with sister cities. At present, Shanghai has formed sister city relations with 49 cities in the world, many of which are located along the “Belt and Road”, such as Piraeus (European portal) in Greece, Hamburg in Germany and Istanbul in Turkey. Therefore, Shanghai should strengthen its docking with these cities, establish industrial alliances and other forms of cooperation to jointly develop the markets of the “Belt and Road” countries and regions, and also help to promote the latest products of Shanghai Industry 4.0 to the international market. The second is to strengthen scientific and technological exchanges and cooperation with countries and regions along the “Belt and Road”, try to extend the local international industrial cooperation platform, and formulate long-term cooperation and annual plans for cooperation and exchange, and increase investment and support for scientific and technological cooperation. Third, on the basis of promoting non-governmental exchanges between the “Belt and Road” countries and regions, strengthen the exchange of scientific and technological talents, and actively cultivate the cultivation of compound talents and leading talents who understand science and technology, are familiar with business management and international rules and practices, and are proficient in foreign languages. .

(VI) Improve the construction of international talent team

First, actively introduce scarce international talents. Adhere to the concept of market opening, broaden the channel of talent selection, and build a “reservoir” of international talents. With preferential import conditions and market treatment, we will attract high-tech overseas talents and returnees to Shanghai, home, employment and entrepreneurship to better serve me. The second is to establish regular training and exchange mechanisms to promote the transformation of local talents into international talents and enhance the internationalization level of local talents. The third is to guide Shanghai enterprises to build reserve talents and focus on strengthening the talent pool. The fourth is to strengthen the internationalization of local universities and higher vocational schools, and to promote the development of Shanghai Industry 4.0 to continuously deliver high-quality undergraduate, graduate and skilled talents.

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