Kara offers a wide range of illuminated and non-illuminated Rocker Switches.Ranging from 4 to 9poles,16VA to 30 amp,with many styles of colors and functions,especially the switches with High-Current and some types which meet the industry standard IP65,IP68. Certifications include UL, CSA, TUV, CE, and more.
Middle-Sized Rocker Switches,Middle Rocker Switches,Economic Middle-Sized Rocker Switches,Universal Middle-Sized Rocker Switches Ningbo Kara Electronic Co.,Ltd. , https://www.kara-switch.com
As an alternative light source for traditional incandescent lamps and energy-saving lamps, LED light source has the following characteristics: long life, low energy consumption, less pollution and high reliability. In recent years, the market share has grown rapidly. Throughout the major exhibitions, LED is the world, and all kinds of LED light sources can fully meet the needs of traditional lamps. In order to regulate the market and improve the industry level, relevant testing and evaluation technical standards are particularly important.
Unfinished
For more information, please refer to "High - tech LED - Technology and Applications" December issue 
Self-ballasted LED lights at home and abroad
[Source: "High - tech LED - Technology and Applications" December issue ]
The self-ballasted LED lamp is a complete product of the LED light source, which comprises an LED module, a lamp head directly connected to the standard lamp holder, a driving required for the built-in LED module, a heat sink required for the operation of the LED module, and a lens of the secondary optical design. Or a lampshade, so it needs to be tested and evaluated in terms of performance, safety and electromagnetic compatibility. Performance parameters mainly include: power, power factor, luminous flux, luminous efficiency, color temperature, color tolerance, color rendering index, lumen maintenance, life, switching impact and other items. At present, the United States, China, Mexico, Australia and other countries have officially issued performance standards and implementation, and the International Electrotechnical Commission, the European Union and other organizations are still in the draft stage has not been officially announced. Under the influence of the new energy labeling rule “COMMISSIONDELEGATED REULATION (EU) No 874/2012†issued by the European Union in 2012.9.26, the ecological design requirements for LED light sources under the EU ErP Directive will be implemented on September 1, 2013. The following focuses on the differences in performance requirements of self-ballasted LED lamps in different countries (refer to Table 1: Comparison of domestic and international standards for self-ballasted LED lamps).
1. Power : Pay attention to the deviation between actual power and nominal power (rated power). The US Energy Star Standard (ES) does not specify specific requirements, but the safety requirements of the UL1993 standard stipulate that “not higher than 10%+0.5W of rated powerâ€, and the precondition for ENERGY STAR is this integrated LED light. Can pass the requirements of UL1993, UL8750, UL1310, UL1012 or UL60590, FCCpart 15/18. The EU regulates the maximum allowable nominal power through energy efficiency. China clearly stipulates that “the difference between the actual consumed power and the rated power should not exceed 15% or 0.5Wâ€, the small wattage lamp should be 0.5W limit, and the large wattage lamp should be 15% limit. The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) only states “no more than 15% of rated powerâ€.
2. Power factor : Generally, low power and low power factor are required, and high power is high power factor.
The ES does not require a lamp power of less than 5 W. When the lamp power is greater than 5 W, the power factor requires at least 0.7. The EU is divided into four categories: less than 2W, 2W-5W, 5W-25W and more than 25W. The minimum power factor requirements are: no requirements, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.9. China only stipulates that “the actual power factor must not be 0.05 lower than the nominal valueâ€, but there are specific requirements for CQC energy-saving certification. The IEC does not require this.
3. Luminous flux : ES stipulates that “the minimum of 200 lm for non-standard lamps, the minimum luminous flux for replacement lamps according to the original luminous flux of the replaced target lampsâ€, and the “non-standard lamps†are lamps for non-conventional bulb lamps. The EU is comprehensively assessed through the energy efficiency index (combining power, luminous flux, and light efficiency into one indicator). China only stipulates that “the inter-test value is not less than 90% of the nominal valueâ€, but there are specific requirements when doing CQC energy-saving certification. The IEC also specifies that "the test value is not less than 90% of the nominal value."
4, light effect : ES according to the "all-directional lights (ie non-directional lights) and non-standard lights", "decorative lights" and "directional lights" three categories of minimum light efficiency, "omnidirectional lights (ie non-directional lights) And non-standard lights" according to the power greater than 10W and less than 10W, the minimum requirements are 5 5 lm / W and 50lm / W; "decorative lamp" minimum luminous efficiency 40lm / W; "directional lights" according to the reflector diameter is greater than 63.5mm The minimum luminous efficacy of less than 63.5mm is specified to be 45 lm/W and 40 lm/W, respectively; this indicator is easily achievable from the prior art. The EU is demanding through the energy efficiency index. China is regulated according to the power stage and color temperature (see Table 2: GB/T 24908-2010 Table 1 for the initial light effect), but there are specific requirements for CQC energy-saving certification. The IEC does not require this.