Ma Jian: Comprehensive and centralized development of the Internet of Things to achieve integrated and diverse innovation

The Internet of Things through the past few years of research has observed the development of Chinese research and the development of the world, especially the European Union, prompting us to have some new reflections and reflections. I want to share with you here today. The Internet of Things is an Internet, not just an intranet, but an international Internet. The real application of the Internet of Things, I think it is not just the qualification of physical things and the management of physical things, it should be to improve the better life of human beings, which is based on the connotation of the Internet of Things. There are many challenges in the development of the Internet of Things. Due to the heterogeneity of the Internet of Things, there are various sensing technologies, just like a person has eyes, ears, nose, mouth, touch, etc., and many sensing technologies. We saw him provide us with a variety of applications, and its challenge is how to re-apply these technologies in services in the future, used in one industry, continue to use in another industry, and require interoperability between them Sex, interconnection. The Internet should be a global network, not an own network, nor a national network. It should be extensible and extendable to various industries. Integration is also a major manifestation. The other is Internet of Things devices, which have strong mobility and can be placed in various places or even follow people. We have to do how to correlate physical objects with digital objects, which is also the core research problem of our Internet of Things. Finally, privacy is involved, which involves a lot of perception, privacy and security. This problem will not be accepted by more society unless it is solved.

Ma Jian, Professor of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications and Deputy Chairman of the Internet of Things Expert Committee of the Chinese Institute of Electronics

Although the current Internet of Things is booming, in fact, this market is still in its infancy, and now it needs a lot of government investment and pull. The applications we see now are all concentrated on public utilities. Investment, the entire application level is still relatively low, the main development of perception hardware, how to use these perception devices. There are many industries in this industry, so the technology between industries is interlinked. From the perspective of the entire Internet of Things framework, the application characteristics of technology are still a fragmented framework without a unified concept or implementation method. Now some people are studying how to reuse these foundations and their knowledge can be exchanged, and there are only some very limited internal attempts. In essence, the existing Internet of Things is just an intranet.

The Internet of Things is very simple. In fact, it really brings better life to human beings, increases employment, promotes economic growth, and builds a green planet. Two subjects, users, one is human and one is machine. There is also a physical entity. People are physical entities here, including spaces, including all these electronic devices.

The Internet of Things we know in China, everyone knows that the Internet of Things is a three-layer architecture with a perception layer, a transmission layer, and an application layer. It can be seen that the ISO seven-layer architecture, the TCP five-layer architecture, and the sensor network three-layer architecture shrink this architecture and simplify it. This thickening can't really reflect the fragmentation of the Internet of Things, and the architecture of the complete communication concept. What people say is the Internet of Things, as long as there are these three layers, it is the Internet of Things. For real research, there is a lack of guidance on the theoretical development of technology. It is really difficult to meet this technical challenge, heterogeneity, interoperability, scalability, mobility, association of physical objects and their digital objects, privacy and security The problem. The characteristic of the Internet of Things should be to realize the fusion of perception, communication and information. Sensing sensing is like a sensor sensor network and belongs to this piece. Communication has many means of communication, and then there is information. In fact, the Internet of Things can really achieve the integration between the three. This should be studied by the Internet of Things to mine it.

The European Union also has some new considerations. I integrated his considerations. The Internet of Things is the interaction between users and services. If physical and virtual entities are real-time, enhanced entities can be presented, and users can mobilize resources through service software. Some of these devices are sensing devices, such as electronic tags, sensors, and actuators, which can interact with physical entities to perform sensing. On this line, in the end, it can perceive and get a digital object. The digital object can be matched with the corresponding virtual entity and digital entity on the Internet, and finally reach the interactive relationship between human users and physical entities.

We look at the three layers of the Chinese Internet of Things, the perception layer, including devices and physical entities. The network layer is still mainly on network devices, and on the transmission side, most of them are in the application layer. It is difficult for these three-tier architectures to reflect some of these relationships. From the aspect of technology, we always mention that it is the core of perception. Because Chinese sensors are low-end, they should focus on high-end. To research and develop, speaking, the types of sensors are dozens of hundreds. And even more.

From an industrial point of view, these two concerns are that the sensor has just mentioned the sensor. This is still some hardware or some manufacturing. When it comes to applications, it provides user experience, software and value-added services. Then it can eventually create some more innovative business models.

The European Union has proposed his framework, which is the Internet of Things framework, that is, like the Internet of Things tree, there are a variety of sensing technologies and communication technologies underneath, and then it has various applications. This framework is universal and open, is a reference, according to the needs, according to this business considerations to provide a reference model to provide a reference framework for different applications. His significance is to be able to establish a system model in the Internet of Things system and combine the Internet of Things technology, especially to realize the interconnection of digital entities, virtual entities, and enhanced entities, so that these frameworks and modules can be reused in the future, and then established The corresponding mechanism is able to spread efficiently, which is the most critical.

The EU is doing the Internet of Things project later than China. It really started in 10 years, but it has invested about 150 million yuan. Dozens of units work together to make the Internet of Things framework. They are willing to invest a lot of power to do this framework. In order to internationalize the Internet of Things, when he was applying light, he built an Internet of Things experiment, a large-scale city-scale platform. This can be seen a lot, most of them are at the application layer, and they have found some commonalities to prepare for these new applications and new services in the future. Our IoT project started in 2009, and these projects are mainly focused on the application of sensor networks.

We can see the development of these two aspects. Green is the EU and red is China. China proposes a three-tier framework. The EU proposes a reference model. This reference model is open. The focus of technical research is that China is dominated by sensor networks. Europe is related to physical objects, looking for some new and innovative applications. In terms of technology, it is mainly for interconnection and interoperability. In terms of promotion, the infrastructure with large-scale open experiments is open to some institutions, and their innovative applications are experimented on hard devices and hard environments. Many projects are doing public service platforms, and many are doing the same.

In the field of applications, we are now mainly in public services and public utilities. Due to these applications promoted by the government, we improve relations and raise the level of production management. The Internet of Things needs to be in line with international standards as soon as possible, rather than confrontation.

For the summary. Now the application of the Internet of Things is mainly concentrated in public utilities, environmental protection, safety, power grids, transportation and other public utilities, gradually to some people's livelihood industries, medical care, etc., and finally to consumers, we look forward to more innovative and sustainable development An innovative model emerged. A single enterprise has limitations and requires cross-industry cooperation, internationalization and international cooperation. Only widely accepted mature application solutions can gradually become the standard, not just to set the standard technology and then have the standard. This is from the system concept of the communication standard to the system concept of the Internet standard. The smart phone is also the core device of the Internet of Things. The Internet of Things plus the mobile phone is the mobile Internet. Its integration will accelerate, directly serving everyone, and in the future will serve the mass consumers in an innovative way. As can be seen from the reference frame of the Internet of Things, we need to dig, explore the interoperability between these modules, and dig out its common objects. We should develop interoperability, interconnectivity, and integration of multiple innovative applications to make Internet technology Can provide reproducible and reusable, sustainable development.

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